Photo and Pictures

I thought briefly write about various photographic terms that show up a little here and there. Since there is much to read in English so I will also try to explain the English terms.

Aperture – small opening letting light in
The lens opening that allows light in an image sensor (CCD / CMOS) or on film in a traditional camera. The size of the aperture is set with the aperture so-called f-stop. The higher the number, the smaller aperture.

Bokeh – light gets fussy
Bokeh is how the optics include the part of the image is out of focus. It describes how the blur is nice.

Depth of Field (DOF) – where picture goes to sharp fo blurred
That is how much is blurred behind and in front of the main subject that has been where you was focusing on. Depth of field is determined by the size of the aperture and focal length of the lens. The greater depth of field, the more is in focus and sharp. Small aperture and short focal length gives a deeper depth of field. When taking portraits, close-up or macro, then you want to have a shorter depth of field to highlight the main subject. Larger aperture (low f-stop) and long focal length gives a shallow depth of field.

f-stop – The size of the aperture
It is the speech by talking about the size of the aperture. Frequently aperture is F1.4, f2, f2.8, f4, f5.6, f8, f11, f16 and f22 with a 35mm lens. The larger the f-number the smaller the aperture. F22 is the smallest in the series. Sequence numbers are printed on the lens side. For any larger aperture to halve the exposure of the previous century.

Fixed Lens or Fast lens – that cope with small aperture-numbers
A lens with the largest maximum aperture. A lens with focal length 50mm with a maximum f1.8 is a bright lens. That means you can have fast exposure times although there is poor lighting.

Focal Length – the length of the lens
The distance from the rear of the lens until the focus point when the lens is focused to infinity. Measuring this distance is usually in mm. If you turn the lens so you get a second focus. That is why you can turn on some lenses and use it for macro photography. The reversal of the lens gives a more closely focused.

ISO (International Standards Organization)
Different speed film was a speech to show how sensitive the film is. The larger the number the more light sensitive the film. ISO is a way for digital cameras to show how light sensitive they are equivalent to the usual film ASA. Increased sensitivity also increased noise and make images granular. As the sensors are improved so as reduced noise. It is best at high ISO speeds as image noise becomes prominent.

Raw
It is the raw of the data to come directly from the sensor. It is uncompressed, unlike JPEG and TIFF, which are both compressed formats. Raw format requires a converter either a plug or software like Lighroom, ufraw or Aperture. Different cameras have different file formats in the Raw.

Shutter Speed – the time the aperture opens and shut
The time that the shutter remains open, which is measured in parts of seconds. 1 / 2000 of a second is a very fast shutter speed while the 1 / 10 is a rather slow. Slow shutter speeds gives motion blur.

DSLR – Digital SLR, or Single-Lens-Reflex
If you look through the viewfinder so you can see through the lens as a set with mirrors and prisms within the camera makes it possible. That means you will see the real picture.

White Balance – temperature of picture, understanding colour
The camera’s ability to absorb the right colors under different lighting conditions. That is, you can either have a sensor in the camera feel (AWB – Auto White Balance) or set it manually.